Different biological and psychological explanations have been put forward to understand the pathophysiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder. The clinical presentation of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is summarized and a theoretical model of the disorder and its neurobiology are described. Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has a genetic and environmental pathogenesis. But anxiety disorders involve more than temporary worry or fear. The cause of obsessive-compulsive disorder isn't fully understood. 1.. General considerationsObsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) has long been considered a pathological model for which diverse theoretical constructs developed on the basis of numerous clinical observations have been proposed (Thompson et al., 1992).The new imaging techniques, such as positron emission tomography and functional magnetic resonance imaging, along … The pathophysiology of cerebrovascular accident is different for these two types of stroke. Disclaimer: This article is for information only and should not be used for the diagnosis or treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder or any other medical condition. A recent population‐based study 2 found that the overall prevalence of provisional HD was around 2%. OCD may have a genetic component, but specific genes have yet to be identified. The epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder in five US communities. OCD is the shortened name for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, a distressing disorder where normal everyday routines can soon begin to take over your life and rule every waking moment. Some theories suggest that OCD is caused by personal experience. . ; Learning. Main theories include: Biology. ; Genetics. Occasional anxiety is an expected part of life. Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is an anxiety disorder characterized by the presence of intrusive thoughts as well as repetitive and ritualistic behaviors. 1 HD is categorized in the category of Obsessive–Compulsive and Related Disorders (OCRD) along with trichotillomania, excoriation disorder, and body dysmorphic disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry. Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. OCD is associated with significant functional impairments and interference of the quality of life. Karno M, Golding JM, Sorenson SB, Burnam MA. You might feel anxious when faced with a problem at work, before taking a test, or before making an important decision. ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Priyanka Kumari, M.B.B.S Sonya Gelfand Overview. Causes. The immunologic changes in OCD have been proven in many studies, but those tackling cytokine in OCD are still limited. Worldwide, lifetime prevalence estimates for OCD are approximately 2%. Personal experience. Hoarding disorder (HD) is a disease concept newly presented in the DSM‐5. For example: If you've had a painful childhood experience, or suffered trauma, abuse or bullying, you might learn to use obsessions and compulsions to cope with anxiety. It is generally agreed that neurotransmitters play an important role in the pathophysiology of obsessive–compulsive disorder. 1988 Dec. 45(12):1094-9.. … OCD may be a result of changes in your body's own natural chemistry or brain functions.