Captive-bred animals tend to be much more docile and calm when compared to their wild-caught counterparts.[8]. [5], Naja nigricollis previously included two subspecies - Naja nigricollis nigricincta and Naja nigricollis woodi. Some sea snakes still have some of the behaviour and traits of their ancestors, such as Laticauda, which can move a little on land. They are moderately sized snakes that can grow to a length of 1.2 to 2.2 m (3.9 to 7.2 ft) in length. They evolved from snakes that lived on the land. Directed by Scott Donovan, Lilly Melgar. From his own experiences in wartime Ghana, then known as the Gold Coast, Ridley described snake venom ophthalmia in a 30-year-old labourer named Gogi Kumasi, who was cutting grass when a Black-necked cobra raised its head from the grass and forcibly spat venom toward the ma… More than twenty families are currently recognized, comprising about 520 genera and about 3,900 species. It has been recorded from Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo (except in the center), Congo, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea Bissau, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Gambia, Mauritania, Sudan, Tanzania, Somalia, Togo, Uganda, Zambia. It doesn't really dance to the music. Some specimens are black or pale grey with a yellow or reddish ventral side with a broad, black neck band, often with an orange or pinkish bar on the neck. Family Colubridae (Non-venomous Snakes) Worm Snake (Carphophis amoenus)Scarlet Snake (Cemophora coccinea)Black Racer (Coluber constrictor)Ringneck Snake (Diadophis punctatus)Eastern Indigo Snake (Drymarchon couperi)Corn Snake (Elaphe [Pantherophis] guttata)Rat Snake (Elaphe [Pantherophis] obsoleta)Mud Snake (Farancia abacura)Rainbow Snake (Farancia erytrogramma) This adaptability allows the snake to better regulate its body temperature and to gain access to the most abundant food sources of a particular area. At birth, the young are about 20 to 25 centimeters (7.9 to 9.8 in) in length and are completely independent. It was first described by Norwegian zoologist Johan Reinhardt in 1843. The black-necked spitting cobra (Naja nigricollis) is a species of spitting cobra found mostly in sub-Saharan Africa. [1], All of the known cobras are venomous and many are capable of rearing upwards and producing a hood when threatened.[2]. An adult black mamba can grow up to 14 feet (4.3 m) in length. Juveniles are shiny black with narrow yellow bands. Though the black mamba is so feared, scientists studying their behavior have reported that these snakes usually try to avoid humans and do not strike unless threatened. It feeds primarily on small rodents, such as small rats and mice, birds, and fishes, but will also eat lizards, eggs, and other snakes. [23], Spitting cobra found mostly in sub-Saharan Africa. Its bite delivers a tremendous amount of paralysis-inducing neurotoxins. They range in size from the tiny, 10.4 cm-long (4.1 in) Barbados threadsnake to the reticulated python of 6.95 meters (22.8 ft) in length. [10], Unlike other snakes, Naja nigricollis can be either nocturnal or diurnal depending on the time of year, geographic location, and average daytime temperature. It previously included two subspecies that have been moved to the species Naja nigricincta - the zebra spitting cobra (Naja nigricincta nigricincta) and the black spitting cobra (Naja nigricincta woodi). They are excellent tree climbers, thus can be arboreal at times. They are Africa’s longest venomous snake, reaching up to 14 feet in length, although 8.2 feet is more the average. Its colour can vary depending on region of origin. Like other cobra species, they may find abandoned termite mounds or rodent holes to hide or cool off. The LD50 of Naja nigricollis is 2 mg/kg SC and 1.15 mg/kg IV. [5]:p.53, This article is about snakes with the common name cobra. Naja atra was first described by Danish physician, zoologist, and botanist Theodore Edward Cantor in 1842. A mongoose is a small terrestrial carnivorous mammal belonging to the family Herpestidae.This family is currently split into two subfamilies, the Herpestinae and the Mungotinae.The Herpestinae comprises 23 living species that are native to southern … The fossil The Cape cobra is a medium-sized, highly venomous snake found across southern Africa. Cobra, any of various species of highly venomous snakes, most of which expand the neck ribs to form a hood. [16] The gestation period lasts about 90–100 days, but once the eggs are laid, they hatch in 60–70 days, and need to be in a temperature of 28–30 °C (82–86 °F). The monocled cobras are These cobras can adapt to a wide area of habitats. close-up of snake on branch against black background - snake stock pictures, royalty-free photos & images snakes - cobra, kingsnake, rattlesnake and garter - snake stock illustrations large, wild king brown/mulga snake (pseudechis australis) from south central new south wales, australia - snake stock pictures, royalty-free photos & images The two species of black desert cobras or desert black snakes, The eastern coral snake or American cobra (, This page was last edited on 23 January 2021, at 10:54. The snake’s venom is so strong and so voluminous that it can kill an elephant in just a few hours. However, tree trunks seem to be their favourite hiding places. One man travels across country, smuggling illegal black diamonds to sell in order to pay for his father's pardon in South Africa. Indian Cobra aka Black, Spectacled, Pakistani Cobra Indian Cobra - This handsomely hooded reptile is deadly because it lives in populated areas and its venom very toxic. Black Mamba Is Africa's Most Feared Snake. Recently, a lethal battle between two scaly titans ended in a draw, leaving behind a twisted, grisly scene. [10] This species generally grows to a length of 1.2 metres (3.9 ft) to 2.2 metres (7.2 ft). Some other specimens are deep reddish-brown, and yet others are an olive brown. black snake, name for several snakes, not all closely related, that are black in color. [12] Adaptable snakes, Naja n. nigricollis occurs in southeastern Nigeria where their habitat has been transformed from rainforest to man-made farmlands, plantations, suburban areas, and a few fragmented forests. It retains the typical elapid neurotoxic properties while combining these with highly potent cytotoxins (necrotic agents)[19] and cardiotoxins. The generic name naja is a Latinisation of the Sanskrit word nāgá ( नाग) meaning "cobra". The venom of Naja nigricollis is somewhat unusual among elapids in that it consists primarily of cytotoxins,[18] but with other components also. It is absent from the rainforests of the Congo Basin. [12][14], This species is sometimes found in captivity, and wild-caught individuals are generally nervous and prone to spitting. The Black-necked spitting cobra is a species of spitting cobra found mostly in sub-Saharan Africa. [14], Like other snakes, it may fall prey to raptors, especially different species of snake eagles that migrate to Africa when it is winter in the Northern Hemisphere. However, they can be found at altitudes up to 1,800 metres (5,900 ft), as well as in tropical and subtropical regions of central Africa in moist savanna and cleared former forest regions, particularly near rivers and streams. From his own experiences in wartime Ghana, then known as the Gold Coast, Ridley described snake venom ophthalmia in a 30-year-old labourer named Gogi Kumasi, who was cutting grass when a Black-necked cobra raised its head from the grass and forcibly spat venom toward the man's right eye from a four- or five-feet distance. Like other cobra species, this snake is oviparous. Antonyms for Cobra (snake). Other "cobra" genera and species are as follows: The false water cobra (Hydrodynastes gigas) is the only "cobra" species that is not a member of the Elapidae. Their head is black with two crossbars near the snout and two behind the eyes. Synonyms for Cobra (snake) in Free Thesaurus. In conclusion, after discussion on the therapeutic uses of snake venom, he conjectured that in the future diluted venom or a constituent of venom might be used as a powerful anaesthetic in some cases of ophthalmic surgery. In 1944, writing as Major Harold Ridley, the English ophthalmic surgeon published a short paper in the British Journal of Ophthalmology on spitting snakes and an account of the composition and action of snake venom in general. P. porphyriacus is a small-headed member of the cobra family, Elapidae.It is blue-black with a … What are synonyms for Cobra (snake)? Death also results in at least 50 to 60 percent of untreated human cases. [17] The mating season of this species can vary from the end of winter (September) to the beginning of summer (December). The King cobra is the world's longest venomous snake. It varies widely in coloration, from yellow through golden brown to dark brown and even black. These sizes are subject to trends based on geographic location and subspecies. Black Cobra är ett kriminellt nätverk i Danmark och Sverige.Gänget finns representerat i de flesta större danska städer och har cirka 600 medlemmar. It is the second largest venomous snake in the world. Cobra is the common name of various elapid snakes, most of which belong to the genus Naja. [11] Older records from South Africa, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Swaziland, Mozambique, or most of Namibia refer to Naja mossambica or Naja nigricincta, which were formerly regarded as subspecies of N. nigricollis. They possess medically significant venom, although the mortality rate for untreated bites on humans is relatively low (~ 5–10%, in endemic regions under 1%). It is entirely black in color and has highly shiny scales. Naja nigricollis belongs to the cobra genus Naja under the family Elapidae. With Cary-Hiroyuki Tagawa, Masami Kosaka, T.J. Storm, Damion Poitier. Although the mortality rate in untreated cases is low (~ 5–10%),[21] when death occurs, it is usually due to asphyxiation by paralysis of the diaphragm. Indian culture is … The two species of black desert cobras or desert black snakes, Walterinnesia aegyptia and Walterinnesia morgani, neither of which rears upwards and produces a hood when … King Cobra Is India's National Reptile And Features Prominently In Indian Culture. Black snake, any of about a dozen species of snakes that are all black or nearly so.Australia has two species of black snakes, Pseudechis porphyriacus and P. guttatus. At present, 17 genera are described as sea snakes, with 62 species.. N.  nigricollis is known for its tendency to liberally spit venom and bite with only the slightest provocation. N. nigricollis is a moderately sized, venomous snake with a moderately distinct head; the shape of the head is due primarily to two large venom glands found on each side of the head. [16], Like other spitting cobras, this species is known for its ability to project venom at a potential threat. Like other spitting cobras, they can eject venom from their fangs when threatened (one drop over 7 metres (23 ft) and more in perfect accuracy). Pages in category "Elapidae" The following 20 pages are in this category, out of 20 total. The belly is cream or pale yellow. The average venom yield per bite of this species is 200 to 350 mg (dry weight) according to Minton (1974). [15] Other snakes also prey on this species. The short-toed snake eagle (Circaetus gallicus) may be a particular threat, as it is almost strictly an ophiophagus raptor. For other uses, see, Index of articles associated with the same name, Index of animals with the same common name, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cobra&oldid=1002214902, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia pages semi-protected against vandalism, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, The two species of tree cobras, Goldie's tree cobra (, The two species of shield-nosed cobras, the Cape coral snake (. Wüster, W., S. Crookes, I. Ineich, Y. Mane, C. "Kraits Cobras Sea Snakes and Relatives: Elapidae - Black-necked Spitting Cobra (naja Nigricollis): Species Accounts", "Naja nigricollis – General Details, Taxonomy and Biology, Venom, Clinical Effects, Treatment, First Aid, Antivenoms", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Black-necked_spitting_cobra&oldid=1008101597, Articles with dead external links from July 2017, Articles with permanently dead external links, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Sanskrit-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 21 February 2021, at 15:46. [20] Bite symptoms include severe external hemorrhaging and tissue necrosis around the bite area and difficulty breathing. It is medium in length, with a medium, cylindrical body and a short tail. The specific epithet nigricollis is Latin for "black-necked": niger, meaning "black", and collis, meaning "neck". N. nigricollis usually inhabits savanna and semi-desert regions of Africa. The venom is an irritant to the skin and eyes. A study by herpetologist Luca Luiselli suggests this snake now forages in much drier microhabitats. [13], The range of Naja nigricollis is currently expanding from the southeastern regions of Nigeria to the more desert and arid conditions in the central part of the nation. But genetic studies in 2007 by Wolfgang Wüster et al. The snake is well recognized for its high speed on land. The Desert cobra is a highly venomous snake native to the Middle East. These snakes occupy terrestrial habitats like savanna, rocky slopes, and woodlands in Sub-Saharan Africa. Females will commonly lay 10 to 15 eggs but can lay anywhere between eight and 22 eggs at a time. The species is very common and is widespread through much of sub-Saharan Africa and is found in western, eastern, central, and parts of southern Africa. The monocled cobra is widespread across Southeast and South Asia. They are dark olive or brown in color with black bands and white or yellow crossbands. The sheer size, aggression, and highly toxic venom of … [4] Their coloration and markings can vary considerably. They prey primarily on small rodents. [10] They also live in coastal scrubs and dry grasslands. [12][22], In 1944, writing as Major Harold Ridley, the English ophthalmic surgeon published a short paper in the British Journal of Ophthalmology on spitting snakes and an account of the composition and action of snake venom in general. While the hood is characteristic of cobras, not all of them are closely related. have concluded that these subspecies should be treated under a separate species, Naja nigricincta.[6][7]. The generic name Naja is a Latinisation of the Sanskrit word nāgá (नाग), meaning "cobra". [8] Some can even be striped black and white or totally white (with dark eyes). Usually, the mating season is the same whether in captivity or in the wild. It does not rear upwards, produces only a slight flattening of the neck when threatened, and is only mildly venomous. [9] There are 21–23 dorsal scales at the mid-body, 182–196 ventral scales, and 54–66 subcaudal scales. Elapids, a type of poisonous snake with hollow fangs fixed to the top jaw at the front of the mouth. A Sea snake, or "coral reef snake", is a venomous elapid snake.They live in marine environments for most or all of their lives. Its head is moderately small, broad, flattened, and slightly distinct from the … The specific epithet atra comes from the Latin term ater, which means "dark", "black", or "gloomy". Naja nigricollis is classified under the genus Naja of the family Elapidae. Ridley treated the man and followed his case until the eye had fully recovered – after about a week. Some specimens are black or pale grey with a yellow or reddish ventral side with a broad, black neck band, often with an orange or pinkish bar on the neck. Its color can vary depending on the region. The black mamba (Dendroaspis polylepis) belongs to the Elapidae family of snakes. This species of cobra has found advantages in the drastic changes which have taken place in Nigeria's rainforests. The king cobra (Ophiophagus hannah), or hamadryad, largest of all venomous snakes, is found in S Asia; it may reach a length of 18 ft (5.5 m) and feeds chiefly on other snakes. All of the racers are nonpoisonous, nonconstricting, day-active snakes. In the United States the name is applied chiefly to the black racer racer, name for several related swift, slender snakes, especially those of the genus Coluber. The neurotoxic venom irritates the skin, causing blisters and inflammation, and can cause permanent blindness if the venom makes contact with the eyes and is not washed off. If it enters the eyes, symptoms include extreme burning pain, loss of coordination, partial loss of vision, and permanent blindness. Other specimens can be yellowish-brown or have a yellow copper colour and are missing the bandings around the neck and the reddish colour on the belly. Because they are so common across Africa, they are encountered in villages or small towns where they may come in direct contact with people. 14 words related to cobra: elapid, elapid snake, Indian cobra, Naja naja, Egyptian cobra, Naja haje, asp, black-necked cobra, Naja nigricollis, spitting cobra. [2] The king cobra (Ophiophagus hannah) is the longest venomous snake in the world.